Mining.

Mining is the process through which minerals are extracted from the Earth's surface.

Minerals are precious stones or metals that naturally occur in rocks in the Earth's crust.

The rock that contains the mineral is known as ore.

Metallic minerals

These are minerals such as iron and copper which can be melted to give new products.

Non metallic minerals

These are minerals such as diamond,coal,clay and marble which do not give new products when melted.

The extraction of the minerals is by open cast (on the surface) or shaft(underground) mining.

In Africa,there are many mineral deposits of gold,tin,iron ore,glass sand,vermiculite, phosphates and clay.

Significant quantities of oil in some lakes like Albert,have largely enhanced the pontetial of petroleum export and it's influence on the economy.

Oil refineries have been established in Africa which have created employment to most Africans.

The oil well sites include the kingfisher well site ,kigogole,Ngege and Kasememe oil wells,Maputa,Nzizi and Ngasaoil wells.